Oracle基本信息检查

select * from v$parameter;

select * from v$parameter;

select instance_name,version,status,database_status
from v$instance;
其中"STATUS"表示Oracle当前的实例状态，必须为"OPEN"；"DATABASE_STATUS"表示Oracle当前数据库的状态，必须为"ACTIVE"。

Select name,Description
From V$BGPROCESS
Where Paddr<>'00';

select * from v$sga;
检查SGA各部份的分配情况，与实际内存比较是否合理。

select * from v$sgastat;
检查有无占用大量Shared pool的对象，及是否有内存浪费情况。

select dbms_flashback.get_system_change_number from dual;
select current_scn from v$database;

select name,log_mode,open_mode from v$database;

select platform_name from v$database;

col tablespace format a20
select b.file_id　　文件ID,
　　b.tablespace_name　　表空间,
　　b.file_name　　　　　物理文件名,
　　b.bytes　　　　　　　总字节数,
　　(b.bytes-sum(nvl(a.bytes,0)))　　　已使用,
　　sum(nvl(a.bytes,0))　　　　　　　　剩余,
　　sum(nvl(a.bytes,0))/(b.bytes)*100　剩余百分比
　　from dba_free_space a,dba_data_files b
　　where a.file_id=b.file_id
　　group by b.tablespace_name,b.file_name,b.file_id,b.bytes
　　order by b.tablespace_name
/
　　dba_free_space --表空间剩余空间状况
　　dba_data_files --数据文件空间占用情况

Select Created, Log_Mode, Log_Mode From V$Database;

archive log list;

select * from nls_database_parameters;
'NLS_LANGUAGE' || 'NLS_TERRITORY' || 'NLS_CHARACTERSET' 即字符集。

select t.tablespace_name, t.status, round(sum(bytes/(1024*1024)),0) ts_size
 from dba_tablespaces t, dba_data_files d
 where t.tablespace_name = d.tablespace_name
group by t.tablespace_name, t.status;

Select Tablespace_Name,Sum(bytes)/1024/1024
From Dba_Segments Group By Tablespace_Name;

select tablespace_name, file_id, file_name,
round(bytes/(1024*1024),0) total_space
from dba_data_files
order by tablespace_name;

select tablespace_name,sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as free_space
from dba_free_space
group by tablespace_name;

SELECT A.TABLESPACE_NAME,A.BYTES TOTAL,B.BYTES USED, C.BYTES FREE,
(B.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% USED",(C.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% FREE"
FROM SYS.SM$TS_AVAIL A,SYS.SM$TS_USED B,SYS.SM$TS_FREE C
WHERE A.TABLESPACE_NAME=B.TABLESPACE_NAME
AND A.TABLESPACE_NAME=C.TABLESPACE_NAME;

col tablespace_name form a25
select tablespace_name, count(*) chunks,
max(bytes)/1024/1024 max_chunk,
sum(bytes)/1024/1024 total_space  
from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name;  
如果最大可用块(max_chunk)与总大小(total_space)相比太小，要考虑接合表空间碎片或重建某些数据库对象。 碎片接合的方法: alter tablespace 表空间名 coalesce;

select segment_name, tablespace_name, r.status,
(initial_extent/1024) InitialExtent,(next_extent/1024) NextExtent,
max_extents, v.curext CurExtent
From dba_rollback_segs r, v$rollstat v
Where r.segment_id = v.usn(+)
order by segment_name ;

select * from v$controlfile;

select * from v$logfile;

select * from v$log;

select file_name,status
from dba_data_files;

col file_name format a50
select tablespace_name,file_id,bytes/1024/1024,file_name
from dba_data_files order by file_id;

select file_name,autoextensible from dba_data_files;

select file_name
from Dba_temp_files;

select name from v$recovery_file_dest;

select owner, object_type, status, count(*) count#
from all_objects group by owner, object_type, status;

Select version FROM Product_component_version
Where SUBSTR(PRODUCT,1,6)='Oracle';

VERSION
---------------
11.1.0.6.0
依次为：版本号11、新特性版本号1、维护版本号0、普通的补丁设置号码6、特殊的平台补丁设置号码0

Select Created, Log_Mode, Log_Mode From V$Database;

select * from tab;

show user;

select username from dba_users;

select owner,object_name,object_type
from dba_objects where status!='VALID'
and owner!='SYS' and owner!='SYSTEM';

select username,default_tablespace, temporary_tablespace from user_users;

select * from user_role_privs;

select * from user_sys_privs;
select * from user_tab_privs;

select * from user_tables;

检查当前用户每个表占用空间的大小：
Select Segment_Name,Sum(bytes)/1024/1024
From User_Extents Group By Segment_Name
注：段名即表名
按数据对象大小排序
Select Segment_Name,segment_type, Sum(bytes)/1024/1024 as MB
From User_Extents
Group By Segment_Name, segment_type
Order by MB;

select object_name,created from user_objects where object_name=upper('&table_name');

select object_name,object_id from user_objects
 where instr(object_name,'LOG')>0;

select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as "size(M)" from user_segments
 where segment_name=upper('&table_name');

select table_name,cache from user_tables where instr(cache,'Y')>0;

select index_name,index_type,table_name from user_indexes order by table_name;

select * from user_ind_columns where index_name=upper('&index_name');

select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as "size(M)" from user_segments
 where segment_name=upper('&index_name');

select index_name, owner, table_name, tablespace_name
from dba_indexes
where owner not in ('SYS','SYSTEM') and status != 'VALID';
如果有记录返回，考虑重建这些索引。

select object_name,      object_type,      owner,      status  
from dba_objects  
where status !='VALID'    
and owner not in ('SYS','SYSTEM')
and object_type in  ('TRIGGER','VIEW','PROCEDURE','FUNCTION');  
如果存在无效的对象，手工重新编译一下。

select * from user_sequences;
last_number是当前值

select sequence_owner, sequence_name, min_value,
max_value, increment_by, last_number,
cache_size, cycle_flag from dba_sequences;
检查是否存在即将达到max_value的sequence。

select view_name from user_views;

set view_name,text_length from user_views;
set long 2000;                --说明：可以根据视图的text_length值设定set long 的大小
select text from user_views where view_name=upper('&view_name');

select * from user_synonyms;

select constraint_name, constraint_type,search_condition, r_constraint_name
 from user_constraints where table_name = upper('&table_name');

select c.constraint_name,c.constraint_type,cc.column_name
 from user_constraints c,user_cons_columns cc
 where c.owner = upper('&table_owner') and c.table_name = upper('&table_name')
 and c.owner = cc.owner and c.constraint_name = cc.constraint_name
 order by cc.position;

select object_name,status from user_objects where object_type='FUNCTION';
select object_name,status from user_objects where object_type='PROCEDURE';

select text from all_source where owner=user and name=upper('&plsql_name');

用系统管理员权限执行，
select username,sid,serial#, machine, status from v$session;
USERNAME：建立该会话的用户名；
SID：会话(session)的ID号；
SERIAL#：会话的序列号，和SID一起用来唯一标识一个会话；
PROGRAM：这个会话是用什么工具连接到数据库的；
MACHINE：这个会话是从哪台电脑连过来的
STATUS当前这个会话的状态，ACTIVE表示会话正在执行某些任务，INACTIVE表示当前会话没有执行任何操作；
如果要停某个连接用
SQL> alter system kill session 'sid,serial#';
如果这命令不行,找它UNIX的进程数
SQL> select pro.spid
from v$session ses,v$process pro
where ses.sid=21 and ses.paddr=pro.addr;
说明：21是某个连接的sid数
然后用 kill 命令杀此进程号。

select job,log_user,last_date,failures
from dba_jobs;

select  job, this_date, this_sec, next_date, next_sec, failures, what
from dba_jobs where failures !=0 or failures is not null;
如果FAILURES列是一个大于0的数的话，说明JOB运行失败，要进一步的检查。